Garden Knowledge — free growing guides for the southern garden

Free guide

Understanding the Growing Icons

A handful of small symbols travel across every Garden Ōtepoti guide — a quick visual shorthand for how a plant likes to live. Here's the whole set in one place, read through a southern lens.

Draft reference — written to show the format. To be reviewed with our gardeners

You'll find these on plant cards and in the chooser guides. Sun, frost-hardiness and water are the three that matter most in a Dunedin garden — start there.

Light

Full sun

Six hours-plus of direct sun. In the South, "full sun" is a gift — give heat-lovers your warmest, north-facing wall.

Part shade

Morning sun, afternoon shelter — or dappled light all day. Suits many southern favourites in a hot, dry summer.

Shade

Little or no direct sun. Think woodland: ferns, hostas, hellebores and the rhododendrons the South is famous for.

Frost & hardiness

Frost hardy

Shrugs off a hard Dunedin frost. Many even sweeten for it — parsnips, kale and leeks among them.

Half-hardy

Takes a light frost but resents a heavy one. Give it a cloche, a wall, or wait until the worst has passed.

Frost tender

One frost can kill it. Tomatoes, basil and beans wait for the warm nights — traditionally Labour Weekend or later.

Sowing & planting

Sow under cover

Start on a warm windowsill, in a glasshouse or under a cloche. Buys our short season the head start it needs.

Sow direct

Goes straight into the garden where it'll grow. Best once the soil has warmed — carrots, peas and beetroot like this.

Plant out

Move hardened-off seedlings into their final spot. Do it on a still, grey day, not into a frost or a drying wind.

Water & feeding

Drought-hardy

Happy on the dry side once established. Lavender, sedum and rosemary love a sunny, free-draining southern bank.

Keep moist

Doesn't like to dry out. Leafy greens and newly planted things especially — mulch holds the moisture in.

Hungry feeder

Wants rich soil and a regular feed to crop well — tomatoes, pumpkins and the brassica family head the list.

Habit & use

Pot-friendly

Grows well in a container — perfect for a courtyard, deck or balcony in town.

Needs space

Wants room to spread — give it the elbow room it asks for and don't crowd the bed.

Edible

You can eat it — fruit, leaf, root or flower. Most of our guides flag the harvest window too.

Pollinator-friendly

Feeds the bees and other beneficials — a small kindness that pays back the whole garden.

Evergreen

Holds its leaves all year — useful structure and shelter through a southern winter.

Deciduous

Drops its leaves in autumn — bare in winter, but often with the best autumn colour of all.

Put the icons to work